And those divides are reflected in our access to parks and green space.The researchers examine 10 U.S. metro areas: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Seattle, Phoenix, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Portland, and St. Louis. Only one in eight households has no garden space at all, and access to public green open space is also widespread: more than a quarter of people (28%) in Great Britain live within a five-minute walk (300m as the crow flies) of a public park, while 72% live fewer than 15 minutes away (900m).This rises to 52% and 95% respectively when playing fields are included alongside parks – although the Ordnance Survey data which they used to undertake this analysis cannot distinguish between public and private land, so it’s unclear how many of the nation’s playing fields are genuinely accessible to the public.Even more encouragingly, it also appears that the types of people who are least likely to have access to a private garden are more likely than average to have access to a nearby public park: However, the bad news was that, as you’d expect, there are still very large inequalities in the amount of green space which different groups have access to, and the existence of a relatively generous amount of public green open space in many parts of the UK only goes part of the way towards attenuating them.While the Natural England survey dataset doesn’t provide a detailed breakdown by age group, it does suggest that older people are more likely to have access to a private garden than younger people are: just 8% of people aged 65 years and over are without access to any kind of private outdoor space.What it does say is that people who live in London and other big cities, and people who are Black and Minority Ethnic (BME), are groups which are significantly less likely than average to have access to a private garden.

This class divide is more salient for access to trees and green space (wooded and mixed vegetation) that it is for parks. And they zero in on three major types of green space: green areas (or mixed vegetation), trees (or woody vegetation), and parks.They use state-of-the-art spatial analytic techniques to carefully isolate key variables while controlling for various factors. According to a new study, Phoenix has a narrow spread of green space compared to other U.S. cities. The spread of green space or mixed vegetation is “particularly wide” in New York, and “particularly narrow” in Los Angeles and Phoenix.

For park areas, the spread is wide in Chicago and Seattle, and narrow in Houston and Jacksonville. Similarly, the spread of tree canopy is especially wide in New York and Chicago, and especially narrow in Los Angeles, Jacksonville, and Phoenix. However, there are a few reasons to doubt that parks and other public green spaces are a perfect substitute for having a private garden while the UK has been in lockdown.Firstly, parks in big cities like London are shared by lots of neighbouring households; the ONS observed that Secondly, some green open spaces have been closed for periods during the lockdown, because of fears about people using them in a way which was incompatible with effective social distancing. By America has grown increasingly unequal, with deepening fissures across and within cities by income, education, and race. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. In the words of the paper, “residents with higher levels of education and higher incomes were more likely to have more access to both mixed and woody urban vegetation, and racialized residents were less likely to have access to mixed and woody vegetation in large, dense urban areas.”This is deeply disturbing, because parks and green space are not just nice to look at: They influence health and well-being. The biggest lines of cleavage are income and higher education (which the study measures as the share of college graduates), both of which are positively and significantly associated with access to green space.Conversely, the share of adults who did not graduate from high school is negatively associated with access to green space. For those for whom a public park was their only source of open space, this may have significantly affected their quality of life.In our first piece of research that looked at living space during the lockdown, we estimated that there are currently around 1.73 million children in England living in homes which are officially deemed to be overcrowded. If that is the case, then the evidence that we have about which social groups don’t have access to private gardens should be considered when decisions about closing down public green open spaces again are being taken.© 2020 Intergenerational Foundation, registered charity 1142230This website uses cookies to provide you with the best browsing experience.This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. That said, education and income also play a role in access to parks, albeit less so than for trees and green space.Race is a factor, too, though not quite as significant as income and education. Green spaces that promote good health may therefore have an effect on socioeconomic health inequalities. A large body of research shows that green space tempers climate extremes and mitigates the


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